What Is Modern Slavery?
Modern slavery refers to situations of exploitation where individuals are forced to work or live under threat, coercion, or deception and are unable to leave because of fear, debt, or control. This includes:
- Forced labour (such as in agriculture, construction, domestic work, manufacturing)
- Human trafficking (recruitment or movement of people for exploitation)
- Forced or servile marriage
- Debt bondage and commercial sexual exploitation
Why Is It Still Happening?
Despite slavery being abolished centuries ago, it thrives today—hidden in everyday economies and communities. Vulnerable groups, including children, migrants, and those experiencing poverty or conflict, are at higher risk.
Young people in the UK can be at greater risk of modern slavery—especially sexual exploitation—due to a combination of factors, many of which intersect with sexual health and wellbeing:
- Economic Hardship and Debt
Financial stress can push individuals toward those promising job opportunities or support. Traffickers exploit this, often offering loans for travel or housing that leave victims in crippling debt bondage. - Migration Status and Legal Insecurity
Those who have migrated, particularly without valid documentation or work entitlements, are vulnerable. Traffickers may exploit their desire to stay in the UK by threatening deportation or withholding key documents like passports. - Homelessness and Social Isolation
Lacking a stable home or robust support networks can leave young people especially at risk. Those facing housing insecurity or estrangement may feel they have no choice but to accept exploitative situations. - Mental Health, Substance Dependency, or Disabilities
Traffickers often prey on individuals with poor mental health, addiction issues, learning difficulties, or other disabilities. These vulnerabilities can reduce a person’s ability to seek help or notice they are being exploited.
Modern slavery can be subtle. Common indicators include:
- Restricted freedom of movement, multiple people dropped off to work together
- Individuals appearing fearful, anxious, under someone’s control, or reluctant to speak
- Poor living and working conditions, malnourishment, untreated injuries, or lack of documents
- Confiscated passports or being in debt to an employer
If you or someone you know may be a victim of modern slavery or sexual exploitation, here are key resources:
- Modern Slavery Helpline
📞 08000 121 700 (24/7, confidential)
🌐 modernslaveryhelpline.org
- National Referral Mechanism (NRM)
A government framework for identifying and supporting victims. First responders (police, local authorities, NHS) can make referrals. Modern slavery victims : referral and assessment forms –
- Salvation Army
Runs the UK government’s victim support contract, offering housing, counseling, and advocacy.
🌐 salvationarmy.org.uk
-
- Childline
For anyone under 19 needing confidential help.
📞 0800 1111
🌐 childline.org.uk
- Childline